Update 16 Sep 2022: Three more cases of monkeypox detected in S'pore, bringing total to 19
There were three new cases of monkeypox reported in Singapore, bringing the total number of infections to 19, according to figures released by the Ministry of Health (MOH).
In a weekly report of infectious diseases uploaded to its website on Thursday, three additional cases of monkeypox were recorded in the week between Sept 4 and Sept 10.
MOH's previous update about the disease on Sept 8 reported no new cases for the week of Aug 28 to Sept 3. The last monkeypox case was recorded in the week between Aug 14 and Aug 20.
One more case of monkeypox detected in S'pore, bringing total to 16
One more case of monkeypox has been found in Singapore, bringing the total number of infections to 16, according to figures from the Ministry of Health (MOH). In a weekly report of infectious diseases uploaded to its website on Thursday (Aug 25), an additional case of monkeypox was recorded in the week between Aug 14 and Aug 20.
The Straits Times has contacted MOH for more details. MOH's last update about the disease was on Aug 5, and reported the 14th and 15th cases, including one that was Singapore's first linked case. The 54-year-old man was a contact of Case 13, a 33-year-old man whose diagnosis was confirmed on Aug 2.
Since Monday, people who have monkeypox have been able to recover at home if they are assessed by a doctor to be clinically stable, and if their place of residence is suitable for home recovery. Previously, patients assessed by public hospitals to be clinically stable had to recover at a monkeypox isolation facility with telemedicine support.
Monkeypox patients can recover at home from Aug 22
People who have monkeypox can recover at home from next Monday (Aug 22). This is provided they are assessed to be clinically stable by a doctor, and their place of residence is suitable for home recovery, the Ministry of Health (MOH) said on Friday (Aug 19).
Currently, all confirmed cases assessed by public hospitals to be clinically stable recover with telemedicine support at a monkeypox isolation facility. MOH said that those assessed to be at higher risk of complications will continue to be managed in hospitals.
All confirmed cases will be issued an isolation order and are required under the Infectious Diseases Act to remain isolated until they are medically assessed to be non-infectious, MOH said. The ministry added that local and international data shows that monkeypox is typically a mild and self-limiting illness where the majority of patients recover within two to four weeks without requiring hospitalisation.
Singapore reports first local linked case of monkeypox; total of 15 infections confirmed since June
Singapore on Friday (Aug 5) reported two new cases of monkeypox, including its first local linked case - a contact of a man whose infection was confirmed earlier this week.
The 54-year-old man had no recent travel history, said the Ministry of Health (MOH) in an update on its website. He tested positive on Friday and is a contact of a 33-year-old man known as Case 13.
The other case that was confirmed on Friday is a 25-year-old man. He had no recent travel history and his infection is classified as local unlinked, said MOH. The two new cases bring the total number of infections in the country since June to 15. Of the 15 cases, five are imported while 10 are local.
13th monkeypox case reported in S'pore; 33-yr-old man is a local unlinked case
The 13th case of monkeypox in Singapore was detected on Tuesday (Aug 2).
The man, 33, is a local unlinked case with no recent travel history, said the Ministry of Health on its website on Wednesday (Aug 3). He is the eighth local unlinked case. The remaining five cases are imported ones with recent travel history to Canada, the United Kingdom, the United States, Germany and Australia.
The ministry had announced on Monday that all monkeypox patients who are deemed clinically stable from Monday will be transferred to a dedicated isolation facility. The quarantine period for close contacts will now be cut to 14 days, followed by seven days of monitoring for symptoms through phone calls. Previously, the quarantine period was up to 21 days.
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Singapore reports 11th case of monkeypox infection
The Ministry of Health (MOH) reported one more case of monkeypox infection on Wednesday (Jul 27), bringing the total number of infections in the country since June to 11.
The patient is a 32-year-old Singaporean man, said MOH in an update on its website. He tested positive for the virus on Tuesday, two weeks after developing a fever on Jul 12. He also had lesions on his body, said MOH. The man sought medical care on Tuesday and was admitted to the National Centre for Infectious Diseases on the same day.
He is in stable condition and contact tracing is ongoing. The man's infection is not linked to any of the earlier monkeypox cases, said the Health Ministry. Of the 11 monkeypox cases here, six are local and five are imported.
Singapore reports 10th case of monkeypox
One more imported monkeypox case was reported in Singapore on Tuesday (July 26), bringing the total number of cases detected here to 10.
The 28-year-old Taiwanese man who lives in Singapore had recently returned from Canada. He tested positive on Tuesday, and is currently warded at the National Centre for Infectious Diseases (NCID), said the Ministry of Health (MOH) in an update on its website. His condition is stable. Of the 10 monkeypox cases here, five are local and five are imported. So far, the cases are not linked.
More than 16,000 monkeypox cases have been detected in more than 75 countries, up from about 3,000 at the end of June. On July 23, the World Health Organisation declared monkeypox a global health emergency. This is the strongest possible call to action by the global organisation, signalling a new urgency and scale for a disease previously confined to western and central Africa. Covid-19 was given the same label back in 2020.
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Singapore reports 9th case of monkeypox
Singapore's ninth monkeypox case since June is a 31-yr-old man. None of the cases so far are linked.
The Ministry of Health (MOH) reported one more case of monkeypox infection on Monday (Jul 25), bringing the total number of infections in the country since June to nine.
The patient is a 31-year-old Filipino man, said MOH in an update on its website. He tested positive for the virus on Monday, four days after developing a fever on Jul 21. He also had rashes on his face and other parts of his body, said MOH.
The man sought medical attention at Singapore General Hospital (SGH) on Sunday and was admitted the same day, added the ministry. He is in stable condition and contact tracing is ongoing. The man's infection is not linked to any of the earlier monkeypox cases, said the Health Ministry.
related:
7th and 8th cases of monkeypox confirmed in Singapore
Two more cases of monkeypox were reported on Sunday (July 24), with one a 46-year-old man from Estonia and the other a 26-year-old Singaporean man.
This brings the total number of cases detected here to eight, comprising four local and four imported cases. None have been linked to one another.
In updates on monkeypox on its website, the Ministry of Health (MOH) said the Estonian man came to Singapore from London on July 21. He tested positive for monkeypox on Sunday, after he developed rashes in the groin area and had fever and swollen lymph nodes. The Singaporean man developed rashes in the groin area as well as other parts of his body and also tested positive on Sunday. Both of them were taken to the National Centre for Infectious Diseases and are in stable condition.
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Two more monkeypox cases confirmed in Singapore
Two more cases of monkeypox infection in Singapore have been confirmed, bringing the total number of infections in the country to eight. In an update on its website on Sunday (Jul 24), the Ministry of Health (MOH) said that both the new cases are not linked to any of the earlier monkeypox infections.
The first is an imported case involving a 46-year-old Estonian man who came to Singapore from London on Jul 21 and tested positive for monkeypox on Jul 24. He developed rashes, had a fever and swollen lymph nodes, and sought medical care on Jul 23, according to MOH. He was admitted to the National Centre for Infectious Diseases (NCID) on the same day.
The second case involves a 26-year-old Singaporean man who tested positive for monkeypox on Jul 24. He developed rashes and sought medical care on Jul 24. He was subsequently admitted to NCID on the same day. Both cases are in stable condition and contact tracing is ongoing, said MOH.
Singapore reports 3rd local case of monkeypox, bringing total to 6
The latest case of monkeypox in Singapore is a 41-year-old Singaporean man
Singapore reported its third local case of monkeypox in Singapore on Thursday (Jul 14), taking the total number of cases reported in the country since June to six.
In an update on its website on Thursday, the Ministry of Health (MOH) said that the patient is a 41-year-old Singaporean man. He is not linked to any of the other monkeypox cases announced earlier by MOH, said the ministry.
This marks the sixth monkeypox case announced in Singapore since June. Three of the cases are imported, and the other three are local. None of the cases so far are linked.
Singapore's 2nd local monkeypox case is UK man residing here, bringing total to 5
The British man, 48, who resides in Singapore, first developed rashes in the perianal region on 6 July, 2022. (PHOTOS: Getty Images)
Singapore authorities confirmed a second local case of monkeypox infection on Wednesday (13 July), bringing the total number of infections linked to the outbreak to five. The case is a 48-year-old British man who resides in Singapore, said the Ministry of Health (MOH) on its website. The five cases – all men – include another local case and three imported cases.
The Briton is not linked to the other cases, said MOH, adding that contact tracing is ongoing. After developing rashes in the perianal region – area of the body surrounding the anus – on 6 July and a fever on 11 July, the man sought medical care on Wednesday. He was subsequently admitted to National Centre for Infectious Diseases (NCID) on the same day and tested positive for monkeypox The man is currently warded at the centre, where he is in stable condition.
More than 6,000 cases of monkeypox have now been reported from 59 countries and territories in the current outbreak, according to the latest update by the World Health Organization (WHO).
S'pore confirms 2nd local case of monkeypox
The fifth monkeypox case in Singapore
The patient is a 48-year-old male British national who resides in Singapore. This case is not linked to previous monkeypox cases in Singapore. Prior to this, there were three imported cases and a local case confirmed here. According to MOH, he tested positive for monkeypox on Jul. 13.
The man found rashes in the perianal region on Jul. 6 before developing fever on Jul. 11, MOH said. He then sought medical care on Jul. 13 and was admitted to the National Centre for Infectious Diseases (NCID) on the same day. The man is now warded at the National Centre for Infectious Diseases (NCID), and his condition is stable. Contact tracing is ongoing.
Singapore confirms fourth case of monkeypox infection since June
The patient is a 30-year-old India national who lives in Singapore and had recently returned from Germany
The Ministry of Health (MOH) on Friday (July 8) reported one more imported case of monkeypox in Singapore, taking the total number of cases confirmed since June to four. The patient is a 30-year-old India national who lives in Singapore and had recently returned from Germany.
MOH said that the man's condition is stable, and that his case is not linked to the other monkeypox cases earlier announced by the ministry. The latest infection takes Singapore's total number of monkeypox cases since June to four. Three of them are imported and one is a local infection.
Singapore's first monkeypox case this year was an imported case. The patient was a 42-year-old British national who works as a flight attendant. He tested positive on June 20. The country reported its first local infection on Wednesday, a 45-year-old Malaysian man who lives in Singapore. Another imported case was confirmed on Thursday, a 36-year-old male Indian national who lives in Singapore and had recently returned from the United States. The ministry said that all the cases are not linked.
Fourth monkeypox case confirmed in Singapore
The patient recently returned to Singapore from Germany and was taken to the National Centre for Infectious Diseases
Another case of monkeypox has been confirmed in the Republic, bringing the total number of cases detected since June to four, said the Ministry of Health on Friday (July 8).
An imported infection, the patient is a 30-year-old male India national who lives in Singapore and recently returned from Germany. He developed a rash in the groin area on June 30, and sought medical care when he came down with a fever on Thursday. Three out of the four monkeypox cases here emerged this week. None of the four cases are linked.
On Thursday, a 36-year-old male India national who had recently returned from the United States also tested positive for monkeypox after developing anal discomfort on June 28. The first local case of monkeypox infection was detected on Wednesday. The patient, a 45-year-old male Malaysia national who resides in Singapore, first developed lower abdomen skin lesions on June 30. Singapore’s first case of monkeypox in 2022 was confirmed on June 21, when a 42-year-old male British national who works as a flight attendant was confirmed to be an imported case.
Singapore confirms another imported case of Monkeypox
The Ministry of Health (MOH) on Thursday (July 7) confirmed another imported case of monkeypox in Singapore.
The patient is a 36-year-old male Indian national who lives in Singapore and had recently returned from the United States, said MOH. He tested positive for monkeypox on Thursday and is currently warded at the National Centre for Infectious Diseases (NCID).
The man is not linked to the earlier monkeypox cases, the ministry said. It added that contact tracing is ongoing. The country reported its first local case of monkeypox on Wednesday - a 45-year-old male Malaysian national.
related:
Singapore confirms first imported case of Monkeypox
The Ministry of Health (MOH) on Tuesday (21 June) confirmed one imported case of monkeypox infection in Singapore. The patient is a 42-year-old British man who works as a flight attendant and was in Singapore between 15 and 17 June, and again on 19 June as he flew in and out of Singapore.
He tested positive for monkeypox on 20 June and is currently warded in at the National Centre for Infectious Diseases (NCID). His condition is stable while contact tracing is ongoing. The case had onset of headache on 14 June, and fever on 16 June. These symptoms subsequently resolved, and he then developed skin rashes on 19 June. He sought medical attention via teleconsultation on 19 June, and was conveyed to NCID on 20 June.
Contact tracing is ongoing for the affected flights and for the duration of the man’s stay in Singapore. During this period, he had mostly remained in his hotel room, except to visit a massage establishment, and eat at three food establishments on 16 June. The risk of transmission to visitors at these locations is low, as data has shown that monkeypox transmits through close physical or prolonged contact. All four locations visited by the case are undergoing cleaning and disinfection. As of Tuesday, 13 close contacts have been identified, and they will be placed on quarantine for 21 days since their last contact with the case.
CONFIRMED IMPORTED CASE OF MONKEYPOX IN SINGAPORE
The Ministry of Health (MOH) has confirmed one imported case of Mmonkeypox infection in Singapore. The patient is a 42-year-old male British national who works as a flight attendant and was in Singapore between 15 and 17 June 2022 and again on 19 June as he flew in and out of Singapore. He tested positive for Monkeypox on 20 June. He is currently warded in at the National Centre for Infectious Diseases (NCID), and his condition is stable. Contact tracing is ongoing.
The case had onset of headache on 14 June, and fever on 16 June. These symptoms subsequently resolved, and he then developed skin rashes on 19 June. He sought medical attention via teleconsultation on the night of 19 June, and was conveyed to NCID on 20 June for further assessment. Contact tracing is ongoing for the affected flights and for the duration of his stay in Singapore. During this period, he had largely remained in his hotel room, except to visit a massage establishment, and eat at three food establishments on 16 June. In general, the risk of transmission to visitors at these locations is low, as data has shown that monkeypox transmits through close physical or prolonged contact. All four locations visited by the case are undergoing cleaning and disinfection.
As of 21 June, 13 close contacts have been identified. All close contacts will be placed on quarantine for 21 days since their last contact with the case. In addition, two low-risk contacts have been placed on phone surveillance. Persons under phone surveillance will receive daily phone calls during the 21-day period to monitor for any onset of symptoms. If suspected of being infected, they will be immediately conveyed to the NCID for further evaluation and isolation to prevent further transmission.
Singapore confirms case of Monkeypox, first in Southeast Asia
In this photo illustration, blood test vials are seen in front of a screen that says ″Monkeypox″
Singapore has confirmed an imported case of monkeypox, the health ministry said late on Tuesday, the first such case reported in Southeast Asia during this year’s outbreak of the viral disease.
The patient, who tested positive on June 20, is a 42-year-old British man who works as a flight attendant and had flown in and out of Singapore around mid-June, the health ministry said in a statement. He is in stable condition in a ward at the National Centre for Infectious Diseases in Singapore, the ministry said.
Thirteen close contacts of the man were identified as of Tuesday, and all will be placed under quarantine for 21 days since their last contact with him, the statement added. Contact tracing is ongoing for affected flights and for the duration of the man’s stay in Singapore. The last monkeypox case detected in the Southeast Asian city-state was three years ago.
Monkeypox: First Singapore case recorded in British flight attendant
A British flight attendant with monkeypox entered Singapore last week
Singapore has recorded its first recent case of monkeypox in a British flight attendant who entered the country last week.
Authorities on Tuesday disclosed the case, saying the 42-year-old man had flown in and out of the city state in mid-June. It marks the first recorded case of monkeypox in South-East Asia linked to a recent global outbreak. More than 2,100 cases have been detected in 42 countries since May.
According to the World Health Organization (WHO) over 80% of cases have been found in Europe, but the disease has also spread to North America, South America and Australia. The WHO has recorded one death in this outbreak. The disease typically occurs in remote parts of central and west African countries, but there have been unusually high numbers of people infected with monkeypox outside of Africa this year with no travel links to the region.
Singapore confirms imported case of monkeypox; 13 close contacts identified
This file photo provided by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention depicts the dorsal surfaces of a monkeypox case in a patient who was displaying the appearance of the characteristic rash during its recuperative stage. AFP
THE Ministry of Health (MOH) has confirmed an imported case of monkeypox.
The 42-year-old British man works as a flight attendant and was in Singapore between June 15 and 17 and again on June 19 as he flew in and out of the country, said MOH on Tuesday night (June 21). He tested positive for monkeypox on June 20 and is currently warded at the National Centre for Infectious Diseases (NCID).
His condition is stable, said MOH, adding that contact tracing is ongoing. Thirteen close contacts have been identified as at Tuesday. All close contacts will be placed on quarantine for 21 days since their last contact with the case.
Singapore confirms imported case of monkeypox after flight attendant develops fever and rashes
Monkeypox, caused by a virus, causes flu-like symptoms such as fever. A rash that comes on after fever subsides is also a sign and it can take weeks to clear
The Ministry of Health (MOH) has confirmed one imported case of monkeypox infection in Singapore. The patient is a 42-year-old British man who works as a flight attendant. MOH said that he was in Singapore between June 15 and 17, and again on June 19 as he flew in and out of Singapore.
He tested positive for monkeypox on June 20. He is now warded in at the National Centre for Infectious Diseases (NCID) and his condition is stable. Contact tracing is ongoing, MOH said. The patient had onset of headache on June 14 and fever two days later. These symptoms then resolved and he developed skin rashes on June 19.
MOH said that the man sought medical attention via teleconsultation on the night of June 19 and was taken to NCID the next day for further assessment. It added: “Contact tracing is ongoing for the affected flights and for the duration of his stay in Singapore. During this period, he had largely remained in his hotel room, except to visit a massage establishment, and eat at three food establishments on June 16.
S'pore confirms imported monkeypox case; 13 close contacts identified
The patient, a 42-year-old British man who works as a flight attendant, is currently warded at NCID. ST PHOTO: LIM YAOHUI
The Ministry of Health (MOH) has confirmed an imported case of Monkeypox here.
The patient is a 42-year-old British man who works as a flight attendant and was in Singapore between last Wednesday and last Friday (June 15 and 17) and again on Sunday as he flew in and out of the country, said MOH on Tuesday night. He tested positive for monkeypox on Monday and is currently warded at the National Centre for Infectious Diseases (NCID). His condition is stable, said MOH, adding that contact tracing is ongoing.
Thirteen close contacts have been identified as at Tuesday. All close contacts will be placed on quarantine for 21 days since their last contact with the patient. Two low-risk contacts have also been placed on phone surveillance, said MOH.
Singapore confirms imported case of monkeypox after flight attendant develops fever and rashes
File photo of monkeypox vesicles on a hand. (Photo: iStock)
The Ministry of Health (MOH) has confirmed one imported case of monkeypox infection in Singapore. The patient is a 42-year-old British national who works as a flight attendant. MOH said the man was in Singapore between Jun 15 and Jun 17, and again on Jun 19 as he flew in and out of Singapore.
He tested positive for monkeypox on Jun 20. He is currently warded in at the National Centre for Infectious Diseases (NCID) and his condition is stable. Contact tracing is ongoing, said MOH. The man had onset of headache on Jun 14 and fever on Jun 16. These symptoms subsequently resolved, and he then developed skin rashes on Jun 19.
MOH said the man sought medical attention via teleconsultation on the night of Jun 19, and was conveyed to NCID on Jun 20 for further assessment. “Contact tracing is ongoing for the affected flights and for the duration of his stay in Singapore. During this period, he had largely remained in his hotel room, except to visit a massage establishment, and eat at three food establishments on Jun 16.
World Health Organization: Monkeypox
Monkeypox is a disease caused by the monkeypox virus. It is a viral zoonotic disease, meaning that it can spread from animals to humans. It can also spread between people. Monkeypox is commonly found in central and west Africa where there are tropical rainforests and where animals that may carry the virus typically live. People with monkeypox are occasionally identified in other countries outside of central and west Africa, following travel from regions where monkeypox is endemic.
Symptoms of monkeypox typically include a fever, intense headache, muscle aches, back pain, low energy, swollen lymph nodes and a skin rash or lesions. The rash usually begins within one to three days of the start of a fever. Lesions can be flat or slightly raised, filled with clear or yellowish fluid, and can then crust, dry up and fall off. The number of lesions on one person can range from a few to several thousand. The rash tends to be concentrated on the face, palms of the hands and soles of the feet. They can also be found on the mouth, genitals and eyes. Symptoms typically last between 2 to 4 weeks and go away on their own without treatment. If you think you have symptoms that could be monkeypox, seek advice from your health care provider. Let them know if you have had close contact with someone who has suspected or confirmed monkeypox.
In most cases, the symptoms of monkeypox go away on their own within a few weeks, but in some individuals, they can lead to medical complications and even death. Newborns, children and people with underlying immune deficiencies may be at risk of more serious symptoms and death from monkeypox. Complications from severe cases of monkeypox include skin infections, pneumonia, confusion and eye infections which can lead to loss of vision. Around 3–6% of reported cases have led to death in endemic countries in recent times, often in children or persons who may have other health conditions. It is important to note that this may be an overestimate because surveillance in endemic countries is limited.
Singapore confirms first local case of Monkeypox
The Ministry of Health (MOH) has confirmed the first local case of monkeypox infection in Singapore.
The patient is a 45-year-old male Malaysian national who resides in Singapore. He tested positive for monkeypox on Wednesday (July 6).
He is currently hospitalised at the National Centre for Infectious Diseases (NCID) and his condition is stable. "He is not linked to the imported case announced by MOH on June 21," said the ministry.
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First case of Monkeypox in Singapore
On 9 May 2019, the Ministry of Health (MOH) in Singapore notified WHO of one laboratory-confirmed case of monkeypox. The case-patient is a 38 year old Nigerian man who arrived in Singapore on 28 April 2019 and attended a workshop from 29-30 April. Prior to his travel to Singapore, he had worked in the Delta state in Nigeria, and had attended a wedding on 21 April 2019 in a village in Ebonyi State, Nigeria.
The patient developed fever, muscle aches, chills and skin rash on 30 April. He reported that he had remained in his hotel room most of the time between 1 and 7 May. He was transferred to a public hospital by ambulance on 7 May and referred to the National Centre for Infectious Diseases (NCID) on the same day, where he was isolated for further management. Skin lesion samples were taken on 8 May and tested positive for monkeypox virus by the National Public Health Laboratory on the same day. He is currently in a stable condition.
Public health response - Based on investigations thus far, authorities in Singapore have traced and contacted a total of 23 close contacts, including 18 participants and trainers who attended the same workshop, one staff at the workshop venue, and four hotel staff who had close contact with the affected individual. Healthcare workers who were in contact with the patient had used personal protection equipment. MOH’s investigation and contact tracing operations are ongoing.
6 things to know about the virus
The man is currently in an isolation ward at the National Centre for Infectious Diseases and is in stable condition.
22 out of 23 individuals who have been identified as close contacts of the patient are under quarantine as a precautionary measure. Here are 6 things to know about monkeypox:
- WHAT IS MONKEYPOX?
- WHY IS IT CALLED MONKEYPOX?
- WHAT ARE THE SYMPTOMS OF MONKEYPOX?
- HOW DOES MONKEYPOX SPREAD?
- HOW IS MONKEYPOX DIAGNOSED AND TREATED?
- IS AN OUTBREAK LIKELY IN SINGAPORE?
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What you need to know about the disease
Authorities have confirmed Singapore's first case of monkeypox infection, imported by a 38-year-old Nigerian who arrived on Apr 28. The patient, who may have contracted the rare disease from eating bush meat while in Nigeria, tested positive for the virus on May 8. He is in stable condition in an isolation ward at the National Centre for Infectious Diseases (NCID).
People who were in close contact with him have been put in quarantine although they have had no symptoms.
Here are some things you need to know about the disease:
- How is monkeypox spread, and should we be worried about an outbreak?
- What are the symptoms?
- How dangerous is it?
- How is monkeypox diagnosed and treated?
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Monkeypox facts
- Monkeypox is a viral disease that produces pox-like lesions on the skin. It is closely related to smallpox but is not nearly as deadly as smallpox was.
- The history of monkeypox is new (1958), and medical professionals diagnosed the first human monkeypox cases and differentiated them from smallpox in the early 1970s.
- Monkeypox virus (MPXV) causes monkeypox. The majority of cases are transmitted from animals (rodents) to humans by direct contact.
- Monkeypox is contagious. Person-to-person transfer, probably by droplets, can occur infrequently.
- Risk factors for monkeypox include close association with African animals (usually rodents) that have the disease or caring for a patient who has monkeypox.
- During the first few days, symptoms are nonspecific and include fever, nausea, and malaise. After about four to seven days, lesions (fluid-filled pustules, papules) develop on the face and trunk that ulcerate, crust over, and begin to clear up after about 14-21 days, and lymph nodes enlarge. There may be some scarring.
- The diagnosis of monkeypox is often made presumptively in Africa by the patient's history and the exam that shows the pox lesions, however, a definitive diagnosis is made by PCR, ELISA, or Western blotting tests that are usually done by the CDC or some state labs. Definitive diagnosis is important to rule out other possible infectious agents like smallpox.
- Treatment may consist of immediate vaccination with smallpox vaccine because monkeypox is so closely related to smallpox and thus cross-protective. Treatment with an antiviral drug or human immune globulin has been done.
- In general, the prognosis for monkeypox is good to excellent as most patients recover. The prognosis may decrease in immunocompromised patients, and patients with other problems such as malnutrition or lung disease may have a poorer prognosis.
- Monkeypox is preventable as long as people avoid direct contact with infected animals and people. Vaccination against smallpox seems to afford about an 85% chance of avoiding the infection. There is no commercially available vaccine specifically for monkeypox.
- Research is ongoing to study antivirals, genetics, and rapid tests for monkeypox.
read more
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